Evaluating and reviewing a piece of pop culture Essay

Assessing and investigating a bit of mainstream society - Essay Example haps this is the motivation behind why it is so famous in light of the fact that it has a subconscious prompt that a normal person simply like Chuck and everybody else’s could turn into a super government agent through a sudden situation. The shortcoming of the TV arrangement is that it makes no sense and not founded on sound science. For instance, how could the CIA conceivably construct a maze of base camp at Nerd Herd’s storm cellar without being notice by someone? And furthermore, there is no logical premise that an individual can recollect everything (being a meet) by simply opening an email. The TV arrangement became mainstream since it cut down covert operative culture to the comprehension of the majority. The general crowd had the option to relate how the life of a normal individual could transform into a profoundly audacious, dangerous and mysterious life by being a covert operative. Chuck’s issue on the most proficient method to keep his character and to satisfy the capacity of a covert agent additionally stimulates the extravagant and creative mind of the crowd that made it mainstream. In view of the topic of the film which is reconnaissance and activity, the primary crowds of the film are standard guys who are into secret activities films. They can relate themselves as Chuck doing additional customary things regardless of whether they are only a normal person. The estimation of the arrangement is the capacity of the principle character Chuck, to identify with the subconscious yearning of a normal male to do experience and clandestine work by being a covert agent. It separated from other TV arrangement of a similar sort as it strips crafted by being a government agent as unreachable and making it a chance as depicted in the TV arrangement Chuck. Though other TV arrangement of a similar class depicts the job of a government operative to require superhuman capacity, for example, predominant knowledge and physicality, Chuck evacuated this hindrance by simply requiring the hero to be at the ideal spot and at the correct time and ready to do likewise and far and away superior by simply being fortunate. On the off chance that this will be meant a game simply like other covert agent films, this will end up being intriguing as those

Causes of the English Civil War Free Essays

Reasons for The English Civil War In this evaluation I will break down the numerous causes and underlying foundations of the English Civil war which broke out in 1642. The English common war was a long chain of contention and competition, which was set between two extremely ground-breaking powers, who comprised of The Royalists (King Charles I, and his supporters), and the Roundheads (Parliament, and their supporters). The fight emitted on the 22nd of August 1642, and went on for a long time, when its last activity occurred in 1649. We will compose a custom exposition test on Reasons for the English Civil War or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now There were numerous purposes behind this scholarly fight, including political contentions, conservative contentions and furthermore strict contentions, which will be arranged and expressed in this exposition. In any case, one of the key reasons for The Civil War incorporates a strict contention, about James I’s and Charles I’s devotion to the ‘Divine Rights of Kings’. The Divine Rights of Kings was a strict convention, which expresses that a ruler is to have no position to the desire of his/her kin, inferring the option to administer legitimately from the desire of just God. James and Charles were both firm, devotees of The Divine Rights of Kings particularly that, as in the first place James anticipated a lot of consideration from Parliament, by letting him settle on his own choices, and didn't anticipate that any of his choices should be contended with. Anyway as of now, Parliament devoured a significant favorable position over James, as parliament contained a lot of cash, while James was continually shy of it. It was from his dad that Charles procured to likewise be a solid lover to the Divine Rights of Kings, as he understood the harmed relationship which was left between his dad and Parliament, and accused this activity altogether for Parliament. This prompted a total obliviousness with the Parliament, from Charles, and set his Godly rights to do however he wanted. Be that as it may, this activity was viewed as a colossal stun to Parliament, during this time, as parliament had encountered to be all the more remarkable under the time of the Tudors, and foreseen current Kings and Queens to tune in and submit to their orders, much the same as Elizabeth I had done, by being a succeeding sovereign, listening shrewdly to the Parliament, and remaining by their guidelines. In any case, the activities of Charles implied that the intensity of Parliament had been attempted by the ruler, and their notoriety kept on debilitating. In light of this parliament presently disdained Charles definitely. Every one of these activities shows that The Divine Rights of Kings is suggested as an exceptionally critical motivation to establishment of the common war, as it is considered as the principle purpose behind the beginning of the entire contest and difference between the Royalists and Roundheads. This entire fight kept on creating, as parliament were progressively getting increasingly baffled, with the way that James I and Charles I, were acting much more absurdly upon numbskull choices they made. A significant political explanation behind this is both Charles I and James I, neglectfully and thoughtlessly, choses the most unhelpful counselors for themselves. James I pick the Duke of Buckingham, for the most dumb explanation; since he was gorgeous. James imagined that the Public would be pulled in to this explanation, however lamentably were not, as Buckingham came out to be extremely idiotic and a misuse of decision. Charles additionally absurdly picked his counselor, by choosing his closest companion the Earl of Strafford, which was a he botch as he open abhorred him, which prompted an awful impact on the lord. Another activity that Gave Charles an awful impression was the measure of cash that was squandered by him, by spending a robust sum on inconsequential things, for example, materials, gatherings and royal residences. In any case, this implied Charles was consistently losing his cash, and accordingly, consistently wound up approaching Parliament for more cash. Charles discovered different approaches to get more cash, as he likewise need cash for a war occurring against Spain at that point. One way Charles’s utilized was requesting that Parliament increment charges, with the goal that he could pick up the cash he required, however sadly this didn’t occur as Parliament would not give the cash to Charles, as Parliament had a rundown of interest to get more force off the King. In any case, Charles didn't take any of this, as he would not permit his capacity to be obliterated and removed by Parliament, and in a horrendous fierceness of outrage he settled on the straightforward choice to close down Parliament in 1629 for a long time, which changed England strategically, as it implied that there was currently less authority over England, to manage its way! settling on this choices additionally lead to outcomes, as since Parliament was gone, he expected to depend another retreat to get more cash. In 1635, Charles chose settled on a significant monetary choice to fall back on the antiquated custom of requesting transport cash. Boat cash was an antiquated duty, when rulers had the option to arrange waterfront towns and towns to pay for the costs of the naval force and ships. Be that as it may, Charles requested more boat charge the next year, and planned to request it consistently. In any case, this picked up Charles an immense measure of grumblings. Particularly when in 1637, a man named John Hampden was arraigned for declining to cover transport charge. This drove individuals extremely crazy. Furthermore, in the end in July 1641 boat charge was annulled. Step by step instructions to refer to Causes of the English Civil War, Papers

Frankenstein3 essays

Frankenstein3 papers the skipper of a journey toward the North Pole Walton's sister and friend to whom he composes his letters an understudy of Ingolstadt who gets fixated on his investigations and makes the beast Victor's sort hearted mother who kicks the bucket of red fever when Victor is seventeen Victor's most youthful sibling who is choked to death by the beast A dear companion of the Frankensteins who is blamed and executed for the homicide for William Frankenstein Victor's dearest companion and voyaging partner who is choked by the beast Victor's received sister who weds Victor and is executed by the beast on their wedding night Victor's characteristic way of thinking teacher at the University of Ingolstadt A teacher at the University of Ingolstadt whose science address moves Victor to start his creation An old Irish officer who deals with Victor while he is in jail Victor's creation who is abandoned by Victor and dismissed by society a visually impaired outcast from France who plays the guitar Felix's Arabian fiancee who leaves Turkey and joins Felix Robert Walton and his group are on a campaign toward the North Pole when they run over Victor Frankenstein close to death. Walton reestablishes Victor back to wellbeing and Victor clarifies the conditions which have carried him into the artic locales in this condition. At the point when Victor was an understudy at The University of Ingolstadt, he got fixated on the normal sciences and pledged to be the first to make life. Victor gathered body ... <!

How to Choose the Best College Paper Writing Service For Your Paper

How to Choose the Best College Paper Writing Service For Your PaperWhen choosing the best college paper writing service for your paper, you need to do some research. A college student writing an essay will need the help of a professional in this matter. When choosing the best college paper writing service for your paper, you will need to know your objectives, budget, goals, and the requirements to get your essay to the point where it will impress your college professor.If you have decided to write an essay in the college class you plan to graduate, then you will need to include an important factor. It will need to be about your academic background and experience. This is the main part of the essay and requires a considerable amount of your time and effort. There is much you can get wrong here, you will need to be extremely careful and ready to explain everything well.When you have settled your goal, expenses, and the requirements of the essay, you can now begin to plan for the next s tep. It will help if you know a lot about writing an essay. The first step is to choose the right college paper writing service. This is an important step, if you hire the wrong college paper writing service, you will get your essay rejected and will end up hurting your college professor.If you do not have any special knowledge in writing essays, you can use your services as a college paper writing service. There are many websites on the internet, that you can use for your research, the best ones will require a small fee and you can start right now. There are also many other professional writers, that you can make use of.However, you will find that they can only write academic papers. These are topics that you would read and then choose the right ones to write the essay about. You would also have to research on the topic if you were going to write an essay about music, art, or literature.You should also look for free online sites, that will give you the additional hands-on writing a ssistance. You can also make use of a transcription service, to make sure that the work is exactly the same. It will also help you write in a professional and well-organized manner.Your work would also be a lot easier if you can find someone to read your completed copy and be able to tell you whether you made some errors or not. If you find that your essay is really something unique, then your professor would be impressed with your work. Your academic reputation is something that you need to make sure to make sure that you get high marks.

Impact Of Information Technology On Banks In Bahrain - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 21 Words: 6174 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Information technology and permeated almost every aspect of business operations and communications technologies. So it is a one of the most exciting research has been focusing on the wide interest in all parts of the world through the decades, but little was devoted to study the impact of information technology to banks in Bahrain. This study examines the impact of information technology on organizational performance in the banking sector during the period from 2005 to 2009. The dependent variable used is return on equity ( ROE) while the independent variables are Hard ware, Soft Ware, System Development Operations, I .T Maintenance, I.T Training , I .T Insurance , I.T Communication, I .T Implementation, I .T Consultancy , I .T Sites and Business Continuity Planning (BCP). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Impact Of Information Technology On Banks In Bahrain" essay for you Create order Preliminary data collected through in-depth interviews, official documents and surveys of the field through the top 8 banks in Bahrain, this data has been tested by applying different statistical methods and finance. The research results led to the conclusion that information technology has a positive impact on organizational performance in the banking sector. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION As an emerged business trend, the use of information technology (I.T) in the economic organizations are immense and measureless. Systems of organization and functions are now considered effortless and unproblematic because of I.T. information technology passes to be the most important one for each financial institution and the banks, particularly, they are one of the greater investors in I. T, Ahli united bank one of these banks that costs them around $ 13 millions. It is an enormous cost of this technology for local and international market. The existing studies generally have concluded two positive effects concerning the relationship between IT and the financial performance of banks. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“First, it can reduce operational costs of banks (the cost advantage). For example, the Internet helps banks to conduct standardized, low value transactions (e.g. send the bill payments, balance inquiries, account transfers) through the online channel, while focusing its resources on specialized, high value added transactions (eg small business loans, personal trust services, investment banking) through branches. Second, can facilitate transactions between customers within the same network(the network effect). As an example, let us consider the case of automated teller machines (ATMs) by banks. If ATMs are geographically dispersed areas available largely over, the advantage of using an atmosphere will increase as customers can access their accounts from any geographic location they want. This would imply that the value of the ATM network increases with number of locations available in the atmosphere, and the value of the network of the a bank to a customer is determined in part by the final size of the network effect banks network is important in the adoption of the atmosphere. IT has drawn the attention of many researchers, commissioned to study the impact of IT in the functioning of the bank and that is a goal of many organizations. Some researchers have found positive relationships between IT investment and organizational performance and some of it found it negative. Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ قؠ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø µÃƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © للكلÙ†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ª    Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Ø ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¶ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢?Ø µÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Problem Statement IT investments and its impact on the banking industry is a very important point for both banking managers and IT managers to be able to deal with and justify wither increased spending for investment in IT will lead to increase performance of Bank or not. That will put increasing pressure on managers to asses its business value. In this study we will examine the key components of IT investments (Hard ware, Soft Ware, System Development Operations, I .T Maintenance, I.T Training , I .T Insurance , I.T Communication, I .T Implementation, I .T Consultancy , I .T Sites and Business Continuity Planning (BCP) to see if spending in different IT areas as an impacts on bank performances. Significance and Importance The importance of this project lies in its ability to shed a light on the Impact of Information Technology on The Financial Performance of Bank sector in kingdom of Bahrain. Furthermore, this study would encourage other Banks in the area to benefit from Bahraini Banks experience and therefore follow their lead. Purposes The goal of this study is to: To determine which type of information system leads to high financial performance of the banks. Evaluate in what specific ways and to what extent do information systems could eventually lead to high financial performance. To find out what issues emerges when implementing IT at the bank. Research Hypothesis The main Hypotheses There is no significant relationship between investing in I.T and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H01: There is no significant relationship between investing in HW and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H02: There is no significant relationship between investing in SW and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H03: There is no significant relationship between investing in SDO and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H04: There is no significant relationship between investing in Main and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H05: There is no significant relationship between investing in Trn and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H06: There is no significant relationship between investing in Insu and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H07: There is no significant relationship between investing in Comm and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H08: There is no significant relationship between investing in Imp and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H09: There is no significant relationship between investing in Con and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H010: There is no significant relationship between investing in Sit and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H011: There is no significant relationship between investing in BCP and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Key Words Information technology (I.T): any technology that helps to produce, manipulate process, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. Information system (IS): is any combination of information technology and peoples activities using that technology to support operations, management, and decision-making. I.T Investment : Banks of Bahrain: Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a financial institution located in Bahrain that deals in money and its substitutes and provides other financial services. ATM: automated teller machine, which allows customers to complete basic transactions without the aid of a branch representative or teller. Financial Performance: is the overall profitability of the insurance firm. Study Outline The paper proceeds as follows: Chapter 2 focuses on the literature review where the work of other researchers and some previous theoretical and empirical studies are mentioned. Chapter 3 is about the methodology used in this study. Chapter 4 discusses the empirical results and findings of the research. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are made in chapter 5. CHAPTER TWO BACKGROUND CHAPTER TWO BACKGROUND Introduction This chapter will specify some aspects of Bahrainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy and what attracts foreign and local investors to invest their capital in this country; along with some important features and statistical data regarding the banking industry, we will try to know why It is necessary for the management of the organizations to measure and to evaluate the organization performance. Finally, the literature review will discuss a number of some previous studies related to this topic. An Overview of Bahrains Economy The economy of Bahrain is mainly defined by oil production and refining and production, ship repair, iron pelletization, fertilizers, offshore banking, insurance. The country is trying hard to privatize its economy so that it can reduce the dependence on oil production and that prompted the government to develop other industries as well. For example, in 1970, the government established Aluminum Bahrain (ALBA), an aluminum smelting industry which still remains an important industry. In a further effort at diversification, the government has also promoted tourism. The government controls the oil and gas, most heavy industry, and the bulk transport and communications, but has made efforts to privatize the economy, bank transfer, light manufacturing, and trade in private hands. Listen Read phonetically    Dictionary View detailed dictionary Translate any website El Confidencial-Spain Tom.com-China News.de-Germany Nord-Cinema-France Zamalek Fans-Arabic Gotujmy.pl-Polish Vogue-France Arte Toreo-Spain LExpress-France Onet.pl-Polish PÃÆ' ºblico.es-Spain Zeit Online-Germany Bahrains economy is strong and always improving their sectors to look for a bright future. It was called the fastest growing financial center in the Arab world by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia in January 2006 by the City of London global financial centers index in 2008. In 2004 it signed a free trade an agreement with United States will reduce the trading Which Barriers between the two countries. Bahrain Was the first Arabian Gulf state to sign such a trading mutual agreement with the United States. https://www.mapsofworld.com/country-profile/bahrain1.html https://www.cia.gov Banking Sector in Bahrain Bahrain is the home of more than 400 the authorized financial institutions, what represents a rich mix of international, regional and local names. They cover all the range of financial products, with private concentrations in sure, wholesale banking and funds / asset management. The financial sector is now the major sector of the economy represents more than the 27% of the GDP. The financial sector is also the major employer in Bahrain for more than the 80% of the labor. The sector is regulated and supervised by the Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB) (www.cbb.gov.bh), which since 2002 has functioned as a regulator of the entire financial system. Bahrainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking system consists of both conventional and Islamic banks and is the main component of the financial system, which represent over 85% of total financial assets. The conventional segment includes 19 retail banks, 69 wholesale banks, 2 specialized banks and 36 representative offices of foreign banks. The Islamic segment, offering a series of Sharia Conformity of their products and services include 6 retail and 18 wholesale banks, and the numbers are increasing steadily. Listen Read phonetically    Dictionary View detailed dictionary Translate over 50 languages Hjelp! à £?†¢Ãƒ £Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‹â€ Ãƒ £?† Ãƒ £? ªÃƒ £Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢â‚¬ ° dĆºti escargots à  Ã‚ ¤Ã¢â‚¬Å"à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¹ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¯Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ °! à Ã¢â€š ¬ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ?ÃŽÂ ±ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ »ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¯ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ± Je parle un petit peu franÃÆ' §ais.  ¿CÃÆ' ³mo estÃÆ' ¡s? à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒ ?ÃŽÂ ·Ãƒ Ã†â€™ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ Ã…’à Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ sÆ ° tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ­ Wie gehts? mijn vriend à £?Ã…  Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã†â€™Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ °Ã¢â‚¬â€Ãƒ £? §Ãƒ £?â„ ¢Ãƒ £?†¹? La voiture VÃÆ' ¦r sÃÆ' ¥ snill à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥?à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ° à ªÃ‚ µÃ‚ ­Ãƒ ¬Ã‹â€ Ã‹Å" hoje estÃÆ' ¡ ensolarado Je ne sais pas ! à  Ã‚ ¸?à  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ²Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¹?à  Ã‚ ¸Ã… ¸ Ãâ€" ©Ãƒâ€"Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€"— Ø £ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ كؠ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã…“ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ®Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ °Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã…“à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥?à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ®Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¨ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥Ã‹â€ Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã¢â‚¬Å¡. nazdar! Wie heiÃÆ'Ã… ¸en Sie? Ich bin vierzig Jahre alt Comment allez-vous ? rouge Buongiorno Principessa! Langweilig à Ã… ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€˜?Ñ‚Ã Ã‚ ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ µ Ø ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢?Ø §ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Wie spÃÆ' ¤t ist es? Es ist sehr interessant! miracoloso Wie bitte? haydi gidelim Pardon à  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ µÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ªÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ µÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ªÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ±Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã¢â€ž ¢ The banking sector has played a central role in the development of Bahrain as major financial center in the region. As in December 2006, banking sector assets amounted to over U.S. $ 180 billion, more than twelve times annual gross domestic product. Listen Read phonetically    Dictionary View detailed dictionary Translate over 50 languages Hjelp! à £?†¢Ãƒ £Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‹â€ Ãƒ £?† Ãƒ £? ªÃƒ £Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢â‚¬ ° dĆºti escargots à  Ã‚ ¤Ã¢â‚¬Å"à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¹ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¯Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ °! à Ã¢â€š ¬ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ?ÃŽÂ ±ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ »ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¯ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ± Je parle un petit peu franÃÆ' §ais.  ¿CÃÆ' ³mo estÃÆ' ¡s? à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒ ?ÃŽÂ ·Ãƒ Ã†â€™ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ Ã…’à Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ sÆ ° tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ­ Wie gehts? mijn vriend à £?Ã…  Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã†â€™Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ °Ã¢â‚¬â€Ãƒ £? §Ãƒ £?â„ ¢Ãƒ £?†¹? La voiture VÃÆ' ¦r sÃÆ' ¥ snill à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥?à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ° à ªÃ‚ µÃ‚ ­Ãƒ ¬Ã‹â€ Ã‹Å" hoje estÃÆ' ¡ ensolarado Je ne sais pas ! à  Ã‚ ¸?à  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ²Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¹?à  Ã‚ ¸Ã… ¸ Ãâ€" ©Ãƒâ€"Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€"— Ø £ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ كؠ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã…“ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ®Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ °Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã…“à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥?à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ®Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¨ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥Ã‹â€ Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã¢â‚¬Å¡. nazdar! Wie heiÃÆ'Ã… ¸en Sie? Ich bin vierzig Jahre alt Comment allez-vous ? rouge Buongiorno Principessa! Langweilig à Ã… ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€˜?Ñ‚Ã Ã‚ ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ Ã‚ µ Ø ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢?Ø §ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Wie spÃÆ' ¤t ist es? Es ist sehr interessant! miracoloso Wie bitte? haydi gidelim Pardon à  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ µÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ªÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ µÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ªÃƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ±Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¸Ã¢â€ž ¢ The recent increase in the sector has been supported willingly fortune of the industry of the petroleum and the corresponding increases of liquidity. The banks are playing thus a central role in surplus to reinvest the petroleum incomes as well as complying the opportunities of financing in other segments of the economy. https://www.bahrain1.com/banking.html Performance Measures The performance as declared by Wheelen and hunger (2000) is the final result of an activity and a performance organizacional accumulates turned out final of all the organization process and activities. It is necessary for the management of the organizations to measure and to evaluate the organization performance to utilize organizations resources in better form and to win good organization honorableness. Managers measure and to control organization performance, since conducts to a better management of assets, to a greater capacity to provide value of the client, for improve the measures of organization Knowledge and measure of performance organizacional have an impact on an organization reputation. Literature review Many studies had been done in order provide a clear picture of the financial performance of banks. Gupta, Uma and Collins (1997) investigate the impact of information systems on the efficiency of banks. They were centered in determining the relation among the investments in I.T and bank efficiency; they identified an efficiency measures assembly commonly utilized by the banks and they asked to their respondents to specify if these measures were utilized to evaluate the performance of I.T an investment. They found that the companies ensure that the investments in technology are deliberately and in a significant way aligned with achieving the strategic, tactical one, and the operational goals of the business is probable that to see a narrower link among I.T investments and improvements of productivity of the organization. Thus I.T performs an important and valuable role in helping to reach objectives organizational, to enlarge the productivity to improve service to the client, and to utilize fully existing system. Lunardi, Becker and Macada (2003), they evaluated the strategic impact of IT in Brazilian, American, Argentinean, Uruguayan and Chilean banks as perceived by their executives. In order to externally validate the questionnaire, results were analyzed considering, as isolated samples, (a) Brazil, (b) the United States, (c) Argentina, Uruguay and Chile, and, then, (d) as one group merging all data. The results indicate that (1) Competition, Products and Services, and Borrowers (customers) are the main strategic variables affected by IT; (2) there are no differences between executives of IT and other functional executives regarding their perception of the impacts of IT in strategic variables; and (3) the impact of IT in Competitiveness is significantly related with the impact of IT in Borrowers, Government and Country Requirements, Products and Services, and Cost Structure and Capacity. This study supported banking executives to plan IT strategies, their implementation and to evaluate their use. Another research had been done by Elena Becalli. (2005) Who investigated whether investment in Information Technology (IT) hardware, software and other IT services influences the performance of banks by Using a sample of 737 European banks over the period 1993-2000 . The study found that the impact of different types of IT investment (hardware, software and services) on banks performance is heterogeneous. Investment in IT services from external providers (consulting services, implementation Services, training and education, support services) appears to have a positive influence on accounting profits and profit efficiency, while the acquisition of hardware and software seems to reduce banks performance. Shaukat and Zafarullah. (2009) made a study examined the impact of IT on organizational performance in quantitative terms of Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s manufacturing and banking sectors over period of 1994-2005 and come with the following result. I.T changed the character of so much work for the industries and enlarges its performance. This positive impact has shown in indicators of qualitative performance. Significant improvements with regard to the different qualitative variables as customer satisfaction, client/suppliers links, image of the business, employees interest work, shareholders, confidence and among office links/communication they have been observed in both the sectors and banking in Particular . Akram and Allam. (2010), explored the impression on improving the performance of two forms of matrix. The first is matrix of financial performance which comprises Market Value-Added (MVA), Return on Investment (ROI) and Earning per Share (EPR) and the second is matrix of operational performance, which includes the Net Profit Margin (NPM), Operating Return on Assets (ORA) and the profit value of the employee (PE). Utilizing IT by Jordanian banks which measured by testing the level of investment in Hardware, Software, Internet Banking, Phone banking, number of ATMs, use of Cyber branches and Banking via SMS. The results of measurements indicated that there was an impact on the use of MIS in Jordanian banks in the market value added (MVA), Earnings Per Share (EPS), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Profit Margin (NMP). Keramati, Azadeh and Mehran (2009), discussed and tested empirical to moderate environmental effects of dynamism and branch strategy on the impact of the investment and other efficient variables (number of employees and fixed assets) in the branches. The study sample was comprised of 102 branch offices of the bank Parsian and the empirical results, on the base of a model moderate of decline. Concretely, IT investment seems to have a greater positive impact on performance of the banks when there are greater environmental changes and more proactiva strategy branch. According to their conclusions, the banks considering that the investment should evaluate their performance environmental contexts and the strategic orientation. Another investigation has been carried out for Mallick and Shirley (2006). They examined the effects of the information technology (IT) in the banking industry of United States. They found that IT can improve bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance in two ways: IT can reduce operational cost (cost effect), and facilitate transactions among customers the clients inside the same network (effect network). They characterized the conditions to identify these two effects and the conditions for the two seemingly positive effects to turn negative in the equilibrium. The results were tested on a panel of 68 US banks over 20 years, and they found that the bank profits decline due to adoption and diffusion of IT investment, reflecting negative network effects in banking Industry. In this study I will use the same factors used by Akram and Allam (2010) to explain the Impact of Information Technology on The Financial Performance of Bank sector in kingdom of Bahrain. CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY Introduction In this part of the study, we build the methodology of the study that is characterized in terms of tools and method of measurement and tests for the problem of the study, taking advantage of methods and tools of previous studies, in order to guarantee the access to the methodology to obtain the information more I need and better results. The key variables will be measured in an intent of practice to identify dependent and independent variables and to explain how the independent variable affects the dependent variable. Finally, It will also provide a study model and some specifications of the model used to conduct the research. Population and Sampling Data Collection The data was collected through in-depth interviews with the senior managers of finance , and some mangers from I.T Department of Banks in sample and from official documents plus We used several academic journals and articles which have been downloaded online from various websites to collect data for this study. Updating numerical data about the Banking sector and Banks have been collected from the annual reports of each Banks which are submitted on their official websites. Population The research population is all locally Banks in Bahrain Ahli United Bank National Bank of Bahrain Bahrain Islamic Bank (BisB) Bank of Bahrain and Kuwait B.S.C . Bank Muscat International (BMI) Standard Chartered Kuwait Finance House Bahrain Citibank Bahrain HSBC Bank Middle East Limited Arab Bank Table 3.1 : Population Source: The Researcher Sample Ahli United Bank (AUB) Bank Muscat International (BMI) were selected as research sample to represent this sector. However these Banks were selected because I found that it was easy for me to collect any information needed for this research from these tow Banks since I am working in Ahli united Bank and I Know Manger of IT in Bank Muscat International (BMI) . Ahli United Bank . Bank Muscat International (BMI) Table 3.2 : Sample Source: The Researcher The first bank is Ahli United Bank, Bahrain (AUB): Ahli United Bank BSC (AUB) formed after the 2001 merger of Al-Ahli Commercial Bank and Commercial Bank of Bahrain, It is a full fledged commercial and investment banking group providing Services of 1. Wealth management 2. Retail, corporate 3. Treasury 4. offshore 5. Islamic banking 6. Real estate fund management 7. Structured finance and private banking services. The Groups businesses consist of the operations in Bahrain, a wholly owned subsidiary in the UK and associates in Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Egypt, Iraq and Libya. Source: https://www.cbb.gov.bh/page.php?p=banking The second bank is Bank Muscat International (BMI) : BMI Bank (previously known as Bank Muscat International), an associate of Bank Muscat the largest financial services provider in Oman today, is a Retail Bank, registered in Bahrain and regulated by the Central Bank of Bahrain offering a full range of retail and commercial banking services. BMI Bank operates in Bahrain through a network of 8 branches and 26 ATMs with net banking for easy access to services. Source: https://www.bmi.com.bh/AnnualReport/images Period covered in this research This research covers the period from 2005 to 2009. Analysis Plan Use Regression method to specify the relationship between the independent variables (HW, SW, SDO, MAIN, TRN, Insu, Comm, Imp, Cons, Sit, BCP) and the dependent variable which is the (ROE). Research Model Fig (1) the structural variables of the independent and variable dependent. Independent I T Dependent Performance Performance H W S W S D O Main Trn Insu Comm Imp Cons Sit BCP R O E Figure 3.1 The research model Source: the researcher Model Specification This economic model is used to examine the relationship between Independent Variables and Bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance. Defining Study Variables The independent variables Hard ware: Which includes spending on data storage devices, terminals, memory, peripherals, workstations, personal computers and data communications devices, So It is the net investment bank in the computer hardware and equipment in the period. (Akram Allam 2010) Soft Ware: which includes spending on packaged software, application Solutions software, application tools, and systems infrastructure software? It is the net investment bank in the software during the period. (Akram Allam 2010) System Development Operations: Which includes spending on Specific activities related to system development and other expenses for operations management during the period like the network, processing services, backup and archiving. ( Elena Becalli. 2005) I .T Maintenance :On going operational support of either hardware or software IT assets of an organization. This can be both preventative as well as reactive support. I.T Training: Includes education used to enhance general knowledge and expand the abilities to use IT during the period. (Elena Becalli 2005) I .T Insurance: The insurer provides protection of IT assets against fire, theft, flood and accidental damage and protects the firms investment from claims arising out of professional negligence or system failure . I.T Communication: Providing effective ways for inter application, inter entity communication. Effective IT communication provides the backbone for the working of any next generation application due to centralized and cloud based roadmap towards Information Technology. I .T Implementation: Which includes spending on a new or changed application systems are needed in order to support the processes, these must first be procured or developed and implemented. I .T Consultancy: Includes all what they spend to provide product-specific consulting during the period. It is one of the independent variables. (Elena Becalli. 2005) I .T Sites: Physical controlled infrastructure support for IT related hardware / data centers. This can be segregated between production and disasters recover sites Business Continuity Planning (BCP): It is the cost of Planning that identifies to the organization, exposition to external and internal threats and synthesizes soft and hard assets to provide an efficient prevention and the recovery of the organization, during the period. It is one of the independent variables. The independent variables ROE: Return on equity  measures a corporations profitability  by revealing how much  profit a company generates  with the money shareholders have invested. So it is the amount of the net incomes returned like a percentage of the capital stock.   Each bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ROE has been obtained for its annual reports and calculated as: Return on Equity = Net Income/Shareholders Equity CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS TESTING HYPOTHESIS CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS TESTING HYPOTHESIS Introduction This Section includes tow main topics, the first is about descriptive Analysis of the study variables through various descriptive statistical measures, such as: Central tendency measures, Dispersion measures, Mean, Median, Range and Standard Deviation; to describe the study variables. The Second topic represents testing the study hypotheses, and computing the regression model information. First topic, Descriptive Analysis The descriptive analysis table in the appendix shows the following For the period between 2005 and 2009. Years H W S W S D O MAI N T R N I N S U 2005 1,257,402 1,085,277 627,493 930,182 133,498 48,220 2006 1,465,400 1,287,888 387,563 1,023,201 142,611 53,042 2007 1,667,850 1,398,955 507,713 1,125,521 180,363 58,346 2008 2,241,285 2,080,455 427,954 1,238,073 147,626 69,963 2009 3,332,204 3,117,740 525,001 1,519,138 94,051 99,966Mean Standard Deviation Years H W S W S D O MAI N T R N I N S U 2005 1,078,477 940,060 526,804 805,844 94,048 37,873 2006 939,886 865,657 159,011 886,428 95,303 41,660 2007 1,176,979 991,428 300,220 975,071 140,909 45,826 2008 935,099 805,459 257,453 1,072,578 102,353 42,231 2009 323,436 236,654 35,357 957,440 36,697 13,918 Minimum Years H W S W S D O MAI N T R N I N S U 2005 494,804 420,554 254,987 360,365 66,996 21,440 2006 800,800 675,776 275,125 396,401 75,221 23,584 2007 835,600 697,909 295,425 436,041 80,725 25,942 2008 1,580,070 1,510,909 245,907 479,645 75,251 40,101 2009 3,103,500 2,950,400 500,000 842,125 68,102 90,125 Maximum Years H W S W S D O MAI N T R N I N S U 2005 2,020,000 1,750,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 200,000 75,000 2006 2,130,000 1,900,000 500,000 1,650,000 210,000 82,500 2007 2,500,100 2,100,000 720,000 1,815,000 280,000 90,750 2008 2,902,500 2,650,000 610,000 1,996,500 220,000 99,825 2009 3,103,500 2,950,400 500,000 2,196,150 120,000 109,808 Mean Years COMM I M P C O N S S I T BCP ROE 2005 1,124,045 243,621 63,192 65,307 295,011 16.050% 2006 1,282,500 286,607 32,123 65,307 320,476 17.165% 2007 1,396,404 326,015 38,552 65,307 332,813 16.230% 2008 1,507,605 384,230 55,051 104,500 417,142 13.150% 2009 1,737,626 562,749 95,053 104,500 430,744 9.950% Standard Deviation Years COMM I M P C O N S S I T BCP ROE 2005 955,944 188,627 52,055 49,063 247,472 3.606% 2006 1,014,698 164,605 25,283 49,063 244,694 2.920% 2007 1,136,456 189,498 30,332 49,063 262,141 2.503% 2008 1,262,038 241,859 28,213 21,920 179,523 2.475% 2009 1,148,871 60,303 35,281 21,920 198,759 0.495% Minimum Years COMM I M P C O N S S I T BCP ROE 2005 448,091 110,241 26,384 30,614 120,022 13.500% 2006 565,000 170,214 14,245 30,614 147,451 15.100% 2007 592,808 192,020 17,105 30,614 147,451 14.460% 2008 615,209 213,210 35,101 89,000 290,200 11.400% 2009 925,251 520,108 70,105 89,000 290,200 9.600% Maximum Years COMM I M P C O N S S I T BCP ROE 2005 1,800,000 377,000 100,000 100,000 470,000 18.600% 2006 2,000,000 403,000 50,000 100,000 493,500 19.230% 2007 2,200,000 460,010 60,000 100,000 518,175 18.000% 2008 2,400,000 555,250 75,000 120,000 544,084 14.900% 2009 2,550,000 605,390 120,000 120,000 571,288 10.300% Table 4.1 Descriptive Analysis Descriptive Analysis The descriptive analysis table in the appendix shows the following: From Table 4.1, which illustrates the use of Bahrain banks for I.T, we notes that average cost of H W in Bahrain banks reached the highest average in year 2009 (3,332,204) and this year was the lowest in the standard deviation (323,436), as well as the year that contains the largest cost for investment (3,103,500), which refers to the rise in investment H W by Bahrain banks. The second independent factor is the S W, its mean (medium) started with (1,085,277) and we notice that they are on the increase from year to year until it reaches in 2009 to (3,117,740) While the standard deviation of S W started with 940,060 then decrease to (865,657) and increase later in 2007 and again decreased to (805,459) in 2008 and lowest amount (236,654) in 2009. The minimum S W during the research period was (420,554) while the maximum was (2,950,400). We marked that the third factor which is the S D O had a mean started with ( 627,493 ) and ended with( 525,001 ) and noted that investment in S D O reached the highest value in the years 2005 ( ,000,000) and 2007 ( 720,000 ) while the lowest value was in the year 2008 ( 245,907 ) and the standard deviation started high in first year 2005 ( 526,804 ) and decreased to the lowest in the last year 2009 ( 35,281) . The M A I N mean (medium) started with (930,182) in 2005 and ended with (1,519,138) in 2009. While the standard deviation started with (805,844) and ended with (957,440). The minimum M A I N during the research period was (360,365) and the largest amount was (2,196,150). The fifth factor which is the T R N had a mean (medium) of (133,498), (142,611), (180,363), (147,626) and (94,051) the standard deviation started with 94,048 and ended with (36,697), the minimum T R N during the research period was (66,996) while the maximum was (280,000). The I N S U mean (medium) started with 48,220 in 2005 and ended with 99,966 in 2009 while the standard deviation started with 37,873 and ended with 13,918 the minimum I N S U during the research period was 21,440 while the largest was 109,808. From the previous table we note that the seventh variable COMM, the average cost in Bahrain banks started with 1,124,045 and continue increased upto (1,737,626). In 2009, the standard deviation started with 955,944 and ended with (1,148,871), the minimum rate during the period reached to the lowest of 448,091 and highest was 2,550,000 in 2009. The I M P mean (medium) started with (243,621) in 2005 and ended with (562,749) in 2009. The standard deviation started with (188,627) and ended with the (60,303); the minimum rate during the period was (110,241), while the maximum was (60,303). The ninth factor which is the C O N S had a mean (medium) of (63,192), (32,123), (38,552), (55,051) and (95,053) and the standard deviation started with (52,055) and ended with (35,281), the minimum C O N S during the research period was (14,245) while the maximum was (120,000). The S I T mean (medium) in the beginning 3 years were the same 65,307 years and in the last 2 years increased to (104,500) while the standard deviation started with 49,063 and ended with (21,920). The minimum S I T during the research period was 30,614 while the maximum reached to (89,000). The BCP mean (medium) in the beginning year started with (295,011) and ended in the last year with (430,744). While the standard deviation was beginning with (247,472) and decreased in the last year to (198,759). We note the minimum BCP during the research period was (120,022) and the maximum was (571,288). The dependent variable is the ROE which was marked by the year 2006 the highest revenue between the years of the sample, as it reaches the highest return of 19.230% while the standard deviation was started with 3.606% and decreased later to .495 % in 2009. The year 2009 marked the lowest return on equity, amounting to 9.600%. Regression Analysis I used Pooled Data Regression method because Ive tie series data (2005-2009) and cross-sectional data (2 Banks). I have mathematical model of the study is developed as follows: I used E views program to analyze the data, I also used pooled regression and multi-regression because we have more than one independent variable verses only one variable which is the R O E. The confidence interval is ( 95 %). Testing Hypothesis As stated in the first chapter, these are the null hypothesis for this research The main Hypotheses There is no significant relationship between investing in I.T and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H01: There is no significant relationship between investing in HW and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H02: There is no significant relationship between investing in SW and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H03: There is no significant relationship between investing in SDO and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H04: There is no significant relationship between investing in Main and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H05: There is no significant relationship between investing in Trn and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H06: There is no significant relationship between investing in Insu and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H07: There is no significant relationship between investing in Comm and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H08: There is no significant relationship between investing in Imp and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H09: There is no significant relationship between investing in Con and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H010: There is no significant relationship between investing in Sit and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. H011: There is no significant relationship between investing in BCP and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. The above hypothesis used to determine whether all the independent variables together, which represent the IT investments, have effect on the dependent variable which reflects the bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance. For this general hypothesis, the f-statistic value is used to reject or accept it. On the other hand, the t-statistic is used to accept or reject all other hypothesizes which measure the relationship between each independent variable and the dependent variable separately. In order to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis or accept it, the following conditions should be applied to the regression results: T-statistic 1.85; Prob. 0.05; and F-statistic 9.908. If these conditions are achieved, then there is a significant relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. When we will apply the above rule in order reject the null hypothesis if T-test à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ 1.85 and Sig 0.05 the result will be as follow: For the first variable which is the H W 5.23 1.85 Sig .00 0.05 therefore the null hypothesis is rejected which means that there is no significant positive relation between the H W and the ROE. For the S W 3.25 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is no significant inverse relation between the S W and the ROE. For the SDO 10.50 1.85 and 0.00 0.05 so again the null hypothesis is rejected and there is significant positive relation between the independent and the dependent variables. For the MAIN 5.20 1.85 and 0.034 0.05, so the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Therefore there is a significant positive relation between the investment ratio and the ROE. For the TRN is 2.85 therefore the alternative hypothesis is accepted and there is significant inverse relationship between the TRN and the ROE. For the INSU 4.25 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is significant inverse relation between the INSU and the ROE. For the COMM 3.56 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is significant inverse relation between the COMM and the ROE. For the IMP 4.97 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is significant inverse relation between the COMM and the ROE. For the CONS 1.920 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is significant inverse relation between the CONS and the ROE. For the SIT 4.850 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is significant inverse relation between the SIT and the ROE. For the BCP 1.980 1.85 0.00 0.05 then the null hypothesis is rejected and therefore there is significant inverse relation between the BCP and the ROE. However for all the variables together the F-statistic is 9.908 which is greater than the F-schedule 1.96 and the Sig is 0.00 0.05 so the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Therefore there is a significant relation between the variables (all together) and the ROE . R square is 0.86 which means that together all the independent variables are responsible for 86% of changes in the ROE. When economic model is used to examine the relationship between Independent Variables and Bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance we will have : So the ROE = 17.23 -1.63 (H W) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2.03 (S W) -.266 (S D O) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2.81 ( M A I N ) + .66 (T RN) + 2.251 (INSU) -.132 (COMM) + .649 (IMP) .047 (CONS) .767 (S I T) + 1.643 (BCP) +e By implementing these conditions on the regression results, we reached the statistical results shown in Table 4.3 below. There is no significant relationship between investing in HW and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in SW and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in SDO and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in MAIN and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in TRN and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in INSU and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in COMM and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in IMP and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in CON and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in SIT and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected There is no significant relationship between investing in BCP and the financial performance of Banks of Bahrain. Rejected CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND RECOMMANDIATIONS CAHPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND RECOMMANDIATIONS Introduction In This part of study we will start discussing the findings regarding each null hypothesis as appeared on Table 4.3, and comparing them with the findings of other researchers. Next, a conclusion to the research will be provided along with some limitations that have incurred while conducting the study. Finally, the researcher will suggest some recommendations based on the findings. Conclusion In this research, we have begun by studying Bahrainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy generally and the banking sector specifically. Then, we have started discussing the several factors that reflect the I.T investment, and how these factors can affect the bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance represented by ROE. Eight banks have been chosen which are listed on Central bank of Bahrain. The numerical data have been captured for five years (2005-2009), The data was collected through in-depth interviews with the senior managers of finance and I.T Department, also from the annual reports submitted by each bank on its official website. Since this study sought to establish a relationship between the financial returns of commercial banks in Bahrain and the level of investment in information technology, the questioning might serve as to whether the level of investment in information technology affect the level of improved performance indicators for this vital sector and renewed for the banks?. In order to achieve these objectives the study proceeded to build a model of study, is designed to analyze that relationship and using appropriate methods of statistical analysis of the study comes out with results adopted by a number of recommendations are as follows : Limitations The main limitations are Time: The time frame within which the study has been conducted was short. Limitation of data: Most of the banks initially declined to provide any financial (IT expenses and Income) data citing confidentiality and busy schedules as reasons. Recommendations 1. Based on previous results, the study recommends that the supervisors on the work of Bahraini banks to boost investment in information technology and attract what is modern ones, because of their important role in improving the performance of banks, through the support services of information technology in these banks and supplying them with budgets and human resources qualified and trained so as to enhance the presence of these banks and their role in the development of investment. 2. Regarding future line of research, efforts should be put at increasing the sample size and the time frame in order to have more accurate and reliable results.

Essay on Disintegration of the Nuclear Family - 1289 Words

Social scientists have noticed that the concept of the family has changed in the past 40 years, and this has led some to comment on the disintegration of the nuclear family. Do you agree with the claim that the nuclear family unit is breaking down? The conventional nuclear family model, Murdock first spoke of, which entails the father as the employed bread winner and the wife as the stay at home housewife and mother looking after their children. This early idealistic model of the stable family life has changed and evolved. Some of these contributing factors that may have changed the family dynamics are, equality between men and women, the loss of religious influence over the traditional marriage, the accepted lifestyle of same sexed†¦show more content†¦Compared to forty years ago, where women were seen in gender specific jobs, including teachers, nurses, hairdressers, receptionists and retail sales. Today women now occupying over a third of all manager positions, and growth areas in occupations requiring high skills and advanced education (Jericho G, 2012). According to Edger, maternity leave, child care and return to paid workforce are readily available to today’s mothers (Edger, 2005, p 36). The post moder n family have what Elkind observes that couples marry later, and have fewer children. Although economically it is beneficial if both parents are working. (Edger, 2005, p10). In the post modern family, the gender roles have changed. (Holmes, Hughes, Julian, 2003, p.284). Most modern women in Western cultures are now looking for relationships where they are in a partnership with household chores and child raising being shared. Has religion lost its influence over the traditional marriage? According a Sydney Herald article, the divorce rate is four hundred percent greater then forty years ago, that more young couples are rejecting marriage preferring a de facto relationship. (Maley, 2003, p.13). The Catholic Church has also seen some decline in marriages. In Pope Francis recent speech, The family is important, and it is necessary for the survival of humanity. Without the family, the cultural survival of the human race would be at risk. The family, whether we like it or not,Show MoreRelatedThe Family Is The Nucleus Of Civilization Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pagessurvived the test of time is the family. Will and Ariel Durant quoted that â€Å"the family is the nucleus of civilization†. Family is a unit of two or more persons united by marriage, blood, adoption or consensual union, in general consulting a single household, interacting and communicating with each other (Desai, 1994). A family is an imp ortant unit of society because of its power to influence the individual, household and community behaviour (Sriram, 1993). In India, family is a prized recognition andRead MoreThe Extent to Which Social Policies Reflect and Support the Traditional Nuclear Family938 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Policies Reflect and Support the Traditional Nuclear Family Social policy is the package of measures taken to solve a social problem. I intend to assess the New Right and New Left, the taxation law, the Child Support Agency, the fact that the government encourages families to look after themselves, and that 16- 18 year olds don’t get job seekers allowance. The New Right is traditional. It supports the nuclear family and is for being economically independent, notRead MoreHow Albert Einstein Affected Technology?747 Words   |  3 Pagesinfluential contributions to the fields of science and philosophy to revolutionize man’s understanding of the world. All great things once had humble beginnings. Einstein was born into a middle class family with one sibling. Early in his life, his family influenced him through his presents. His family would gift items such as him telescopes and compasses. His uncle would also, on occasional, teach him in algebra. The one man however who inspired him the most was Albert A. Michelson, a former navyRead MoreNuclear Warfare And Fear Of Nuclear Weapons1180 Words   |  5 Pagesespecially in media featuring themes of nuclear espionage and fear of nuclear warfare. Nuclear weapons have both advantages and disadvantages; however, many people in the society fear a possible warfare. Nuclear weapons are explosive devices that get their destructive force from various nuclear reactions such as the bombs, warheads, and shells. The reactions emit a large amount of energy from a small proportion of matter. The nuclear weapons detonate to produce nuclear explosions that have both immediateRead MoreThe Russian Revolution : A History From The University Of Akron Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestigation into the experiences of peasant and working-class women of the time, scholars can better address the â€Å"paradox, in which lavish promises† presented by the emergent Bolshevik party, and the â€Å"enormous deprivation and frightening social disintegration† affected Russian history, and her people (215). From 1917-1923, the chaotic period of Russian history was fraught with turmoil due to the revolution and the civil war taking place, creating a great deal of difficulty for scholars, like ClementsRead MoreSuccessful Society: Communal Life1014 Words   |  4 Pagesrural to urban regions, most families have altered from extended to nuclear families. Mainly due to work commitments, these people prefer to live an individual life whereby there is less demands to be met domestically thus leading to minimal interaction with other people. For instance, Ross (2009) states that â€Å"Tongans in the past have embraced the idea of an extended family but in recent times; couples of the newest generation are choosing not to utilize the extended family but instead live on theirRead MoreThe Deregulation Of The Insurance Industry Essay1165 Words   |  5 Pagessafeguard the family brings in the need for life insurance. Today insurance has become even more important due to the disintegration of the prevalent joint family system, in which a number of generations co-existed in harmony, and a system in which a sense of financial security was always there as there were more earning members. Times have changed and the nuclear family has emerged. Apart from other pitfalls of a nuclear family, a high sense of insecurity is observed in it today besides, the family has shrunkRead MoreEssay Human Values: The Key to Solving Global Problems1580 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerning value orientations if we wish to avoid global instability. Undoubtedly, contemporary global problems find their roots in the consequences of scientific and technological progress. The most important of these problems are the threat of global nuclear war, ecological imbalance, unsustainable population growth, and a growing developmental gap in the socio-economic conditions among countries intertwined in this unprecedented global economy. Yet, the reason for many of these problems is pedagogicalRead MoreDropping the Bomb on Hiroshima1332 Words   |  5 Pagesleukemia, cataracts, malignant tumors, scarring, thyroid problems, and even death. A survivor of the blast spoke about her experience in Remembering the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Blast. Hiroko Nakamoto was a happy young girl who came from a privileged family, whose life was changed forever on that quiet summer morning. On her way to work at 8:15am, a blinding flash surprised Hiroko, but all she felt at the time was a stinging sensation. When she awoke, she found herself in a shattered house. Outside,Read MoreThe Advantages of Non-Conventional Warfare over Conventional Warfare2295 Words   |  10 PagesThousands of people died that day; mothers, fathers, and other innocent people that went to work thinking it was a normal day, and would never go home to see their families again. Furthermore, children would be left alone throughout the rest of their lives not knowing who their parents were. I went to boot camp with several people whose families died that day, and even served side by side with a firefighter that was there that terrible day, and saw the fear in people’s eye’s as they watched this dreadful

Application of Analytical Procedures-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain how your results Influence your Planning decisions for the audit for the year ending 30 June 2015 2.Explain why it is a risk and how it may affect the risk of material misstatement in the financial report 3.a.Based on the background information for DIPL contained in the case, identify and explain two key fraud risk factors relating to Misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting to which DIPL may be susceptible. 3.b.Explain how the risk factors identified in above would affect the Conduct of the audit. Answers: 1.Application of Analytical Procedures In the process of accounting and finance, analytical process of the financial information has significant importance. On the other hand, audit plan also has its importance in the audit process of the companies. With the help of proper audit plan, the accountants and financial analysts of the companies can maintain the auditing cot and prevent misunderstanding regarding financial information with the clients. In Double Ink Printers Limited (DIPL), financial analytical approach refers to the spreading of accounting and financial information from different financial declaration. There are various mechanisms or methods are available for analytical approach. With the help of analytical approach, financial managers of the companies can analyze the financial information for various purposes (Louwers et al. 2015). Common sizing analytical approach helps to analyze the information from various financial declarations from different organizational perceptions. With the help of this, the financial managers can compare the financial statements from different financial years. The financial managers can validate all the financial items of the financial reports and they also check the recording process of theirs in the financial statements. For example, it can be said that the reporting system of liabilities is different from the reporting system of owners equity. Benchmarking is considered as the major process of analyzing the audit plan. With the help of benchmarking process, variance between the actual and benchmarked financial performance can be identified. This process helps in taking corrective measures to minimize those variances (Nalewaik and Mills 2016) Explanation of Influence of Results on Planning Apart from this, another major analytical mechanism is the Ratio Analysis. Ratio analysis is used as a crucial tool to compare the financial statements of different years and to assess the audit plan. Particulars 2013 2014 2015 Current ratio 1.42 1.46 1.50 Profit margin 0.068 0.60 0.06 Solvency ratio 0.62 0.44 0.21 Table 1: Analysis of Ratios (Source: As created by Author) The results of analytical approach influence the audit planning process of the companies for spreading information of the financial statements. For example, the results of the ration analysis can be considered. As per the above table, it can be seen that the current ratio of DIPL for the financial year 2013, 2014 and 2015 are 1.42, 1.46 and 1.50 respectively. On the other hand, the profitability ratio of DIPL for the financial year 2013, 2014 and 20115 are 0.068, 0.60 and 0.06 respectively. Profitability ratios are helpful for analyzing the earned net income in respect to total sales. Apart from this, with the help of profitability ratio, the financial managers can assess whether the expenses of the companies are high or low. It also indicates that whether the business organizations have sufficient financial power for expansion. From the above table, it can also be seen that the solvency ratio for the year 2013, 2014 and 2015 are 0.62, 0.44 and 0.21 respectively. With the help of sol vency ratios of the companies, the financial managers can judge the solvency position of the companies. Different types of ratio analysis for the years helps to make the financial managers of the companies understand whether the overall cash flow of the company is enough to meet the long as well as short-term obligations of the company (Hayes, Wallage and Gortemaker 2014). 2.From the business operations of DIPL, several risk factors are raised. However, there are two major risk factors. These two risk factors are discussed below: According to the provided case study, it can be seen that the accountants or the management of the company has omitted numerous accounting transactions. The aspects show the ineffectiveness and inconsistency of the accountants and management of the company. In addition, the analysis of financial reports has shown the failure of the company in achieving the required level of profit from the sales. From this, it can be understood that the management of the company has failed to identify the specific requirements for the smooth running of the organization. Thus, it can be said that the management of DIPL has failed to assess the impact of different micro and macro economic factors on the organization. This factor increases the inherent risks of the company (Duncan and Whittington 2014). |The employees of the company have also increased the inherent risks of the company. The success of the business organizations lies on the hands of their employees. In this case, the employees of DIPL lack efficiency and experience. For this reason, they fail to contribute towards the success of the company. This factor massively increases the inherent risk factors of the company. It is expected that the inexperience and non-proficient employees of the company will make mistakes while doing their jobs. For this reason, the inherent risk factors can be increased (Cannon and Bedard 2016). There are some reasons that lead to the material misstatements in the financial reports of the companies. Excessive pressure on management is a major reason. Excessive pressure on the employees contributes to the ineffective bookkeeping process. For this reason, various issues in the organization can be seen like issues in cash flow, liquidity issues, ineffective operating outcome and others. Another major issue is the incorrect interpretation. The incorrect interpretation of the financial statements crates negative effects on the materiality of the financial statements. In addition, as per the provided case study, it can be seen that the management team of DIPL lacks integrity and honesty in their jobs. Therefore, the entire reputation of the company can be lost. The management of the company faces excessive pressure in order to achieve the benchmarked target. All the above discussed reasons jointly contributes towards the material misstatements of the financial statements. 3.a Name of Fraud Risk Explanation Engagement of Workforce in Fraud Actions Engagement of the employees of DNPL in different types of fraudulent activities is a major fraud risk for the company. This risk happens due to the dissatisfaction of the employees towards their jobs. According to the provided case study, it can be seen that there are huge pressure on the employees for the adoption of new accounting system. This excessive pressure on the employees may lead to fraud risks. It states that the employees may choose the way of fraudulent for the reconciliation procedure. This also leads to material misstatements of the financial statements (Arens et al. 2016). Fraud Risk in Financial Reporting Financial reporting fraud risk is another type of fraud risk. When the stakeholders of the company have specific performance requirements from the company, then there is a high risk of fraud. It can be seen that the management often manipulates the financial position of the company in order to fulfill the expectations of the stakeholders. As per the financial statements of the company, from 2013 to 2015, there was an increase in the revenue of the company. However, the current and total assets of the company have also increased. 3.bAs per the case study, the valuation process of different raw materials of the company in the average cost is not suitable as the present cost is higher than the average cost of the company. With the help of monitoring process in the different phrases of activities, identification risks of fraudulent actions regarding the implementation of new IT system can be executed. On the other hand, the with the help of analysis and evaluation of financial statements, the risk of financial reporting can be identified (Arens, Elder and Mark 2012). Thus, it can be seen that the risk factors identified in the above section largely affects the various audit operations of the company. References Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J. and Mark, B., 2012.Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Boston: Prentice Hall. Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Hogan, C.E., 2016.Auditing and assurance services. Pearson. Cannon, N. and Bedard, J.C., 2016. Auditing challenging fair value measurements: Evidence from the field.The Accounting Review. Duncan, B. and Whittington, M., 2014, September. Compliance with standards, assurance and audit: Does this equal security?. InProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks(p. 77). ACM. Hayes, R., Wallage, P. and Gortemaker, H., 2014.Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Louwers, T.J., Ramsay, R.J., Sinason, D.H., Strawser, J.R. and Thibodeau, J.C., 2015.Auditing assurance services. McGraw-Hill Education. Nalewaik, A. and Mills, A., 2016.Project Performance Review: Capturing the Value of Audit, Oversight, and Compliance for Project Success. CRC Press